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Children with Down syndrome have an increased risk for developing both acute myeloid as well as lymphoblastic leukemia. These leukemias differ in presenting characteristics and underlying biology when compared with leukemias occurring in non-Down syndrome children. Myeloid leukemia in children with Down syndrome is preceded by a preleukemic clone (transient leukemia or transient myeloproliferative disorder), which may disappear spontaneously, but may also need treatment in case of severe symptoms. Twenty percent of children with transient leukemia subsequently develop myeloid leukemia. This transition offers a unique model to study the stepwise development of leukemia, and of gene dosage effects mediated by aneuploidy.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.pcl.2007.11.001

Type

Journal article

Journal

Pediatr Clin North Am

Publication Date

02/2008

Volume

55

Pages

53 - x

Keywords

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Child, Child, Preschool, Clinical Trials as Topic, Disease Progression, Down Syndrome, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Leukemia, Myeloid, Mutation, Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma