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Autoimmune encephalitis refers to a group of disorders characterised by a non-infectious encephalitis, often with prominent seizures and surface neuronal autoantibodies. AE is an important cause of new-onset refractory status epilepticus in humans and is frequently responsive to immunotherapies including corticosteroids, plasma exchange, intravenous immunoglobulin G and rituximab. Recent research suggests that parallel autoantibodies can be detected in non-human mammalian species. The best documented example is leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1)-antibodies in domestic cats with limbic encephalitis (LE). In this review, we discuss the role of neuroinflammation and autoantibodies in human and feline epilepsy and LE.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105912

Type

Journal article

Journal

Vet J

Publication Date

06/10/2022

Keywords

Autoimmune, Cats, Contactin-associated protein 2 (CASPR2), Encephalitis, Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1)