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1. To determine how platelet-activating factor stimulates colonic anion secretion and increases epithelial permeability, epithelial sheets of rabbit distal colon excluding the submucosal neural plexus were mounted in Ussing chambers. The influence of specific inhibitors and 50 nmol/l platelet-activating factor on short-circuit current and transepithelial resistance was then investigated. 2. Pretreatment with 1 mumol/l indomethacin or 1 mumol/l doxantrazole abolished the biphasic stimulation of the short-circuit current and decrease in transepithelial resistance induced by platelet-activating factor. Addition of 10 mumol/l mepyramine attenuated the early phase and completely inhibited the late phase. Pretreatment with 1 mumol/l ranitidine, 0.1 mumol/l tetrodotoxin, 0.1 mumol/l ritanserin or a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (1 mumol/l MK886) had no effect. 3. To assess the influence of platelet-activating factor on epithelial function isolated from lamina propria elements, monolayers were cultured from a human colonic epithelial cell line (T-84). 4. The short-circuit current across monolayers mounted in Ussing chambers stimulated by 10 mumol/l ionomycin could be inhibited by pretreatment with ouabain or frusemide, consistent with the capacity for chloride secretion. Addition of platelet-activating factor (up to 500 nmol/l) had no effect on short-circuit current or transepithelial resistance. Receptor expression was examined with [3H] platelet-activating factor in isolated T-84 and HT-29 cells and found to be absent. 5. The influence of physiological concentrations of platelet-activating factor on colonic epithelial anion secretion and increased permeability in rabbit distal colon is indirect and consistent with mediation by prostaglandins released from mucosal mast cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Type

Journal article

Journal

Clin Sci (Lond)

Publication Date

01/1995

Volume

88

Pages

51 - 57

Keywords

Animals, Colon, Culture Techniques, Eicosanoids, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Ion Transport, Mast Cells, Neurons, Platelet Activating Factor, Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins, Rabbits, Receptors, Cell Surface, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Tumor Cells, Cultured