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BACKGROUND: Reduced intensity conditioning regimens permit the delivery of a potentially curative graft-versus-leukemia effect in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Although T-cell depletion is increasingly used to reduce the risk of graft-versus-host disease its impact on the graft-versus-leukemia effect and long-term outcome post-transplant is unknown. DESIGN AND METHODS: We have characterized pre- and post-transplant factors determining overall survival in 168 patients with acute myeloid leukemia transplanted using an alemtuzumab based reduced intensity conditioning regimen with a median duration of follow-up of 37 months. RESULTS: The 3-year overall survival for patients transplanted in CR1 or CR2/CR3 was 50% (95% CI, 38% to 62%) and 44% (95% CI, 31% to 56%), respectively compared to 15% (95% CI, 2% to 36%) for patients with relapsed/refractory disease. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that both survival and disease relapse were influenced by status at transplant (P=0.008) and presentation cytogenetics (P=0.01). Increased exposure to cyclosporine A (CsA) in the first 21 days post-transplant was associated with an increased relapse risk (P<0.0001) and decreased overall survival (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Disease stage, presentation karyotype and post-transplant CsA exposure are important predictors of outcome in patients undergoing a T-cell depleted reduced intensity conditioning allograft for acute myeloid leukemia. These data confirm the presence of a potent graft-versus-leukemia effect after a T-cell depleted reduced intensity conditioning allograft in acute myeloid leukemia and identify CsA exposure as a manipulable determinant of outcome in this setting.

Original publication

DOI

10.3324/haematol.2009.013920

Type

Journal article

Journal

Haematologica

Publication Date

06/2010

Volume

95

Pages

989 - 995

Keywords

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Alemtuzumab, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antibodies, Neoplasm, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Graft vs Host Disease, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Humans, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, T-Lymphocytes, Time Factors, Transplantation Conditioning, Transplantation, Homologous, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult