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Recent anecdotal reports of HIV-infected children who received early antiretroviral therapy (ART) and showed sustained control of viral replication even after ART discontinuation have raised the question of whether there is greater intrinsic potential for HIV remission, or even eradication ('cure'), in paediatric infection than in adult infection. This Review describes the influence of early initiation of ART, of immune ontogeny and of maternal factors on the potential for HIV cure in children and discusses the unique immunotherapeutic opportunities and obstacles that paediatric infection may present.

Original publication

DOI

10.1038/nri.2016.19

Type

Journal article

Journal

Nat Rev Immunol

Publication Date

04/2016

Volume

16

Pages

259 - 271

Keywords

Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Child, Child, Preschool, Early Medical Intervention, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Lymphocyte Activation, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Time Factors