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Histopathology-based staging of colorectal cancer (CRC) has utility in assessing the prognosis of patient subtypes, but as yet cannot accurately predict individual patient's treatment response. Transcriptomics approaches, using array based or next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms, of formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue can be harnessed to develop multi-gene biomarkers for predicting both prognosis and treatment response, leading to stratification of treatment. While transcriptomics can shape future biomarker development, currently <1% of published biomarkers become clinically validated tests, often due to poor study design or lack of independent validation. In this review of a large number of CRC transcriptional studies, we identify recurrent sources of technical variability that encompass collection, preservation and storage of malignant tissue, nucleic acid extraction, methods to quantitate RNA transcripts and data analysis pipelines. We propose a series of defined steps for removal of these confounding issues, to ultimately aid in the development of more robust clinical biomarkers.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.05.005

Type

Journal article

Journal

Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer

Publication Date

08/2017

Volume

1868

Pages

258 - 272

Keywords

Biomarker, FFPE, Microarray, NGS, RNA profiling, Transcriptome, Biomarkers, Tumor, Colorectal Neoplasms, Humans, Prognosis, RNA, Transcription, Genetic, Transcriptome