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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Env-, Gag-, Pol-, Nef-, and Tat-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activities were quantitated temporally in five patients with symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection. A dominant CD8(+)-mediated, major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted CTL response to the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, gp160, was noted in four of the five patients studied. The level of HIV-1-specific CTL activity in the five patients paralleled the efficiency of control of primary viremia. Patients who mounted strong gp160-specific CTL responses showed rapid reduction of acute plasma viremia and antigenemia, while in contrast, primary viremia and antigenemia were poorly controlled in patients in whom virus-specific CTL activity was low or undetectable. These results suggest that HIV-1-specific CTL activity is a major component of the host immune response associated with the control of virus replication following primary HIV-1 infection and have important implications for the design of antiviral vaccines.

Type

Journal article

Journal

J Virol

Publication Date

09/1994

Volume

68

Pages

6103 - 6110

Keywords

Amino Acid Sequence, Gene Products, env, HIV Antigens, HIV Envelope Protein gp160, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Peptides, Protein Precursors, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, Viremia