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Although small molecule actin modulators have been widely used as research tools, only one cell-permeable small molecule inhibitor of actin depolymerization (jasplakinolide) is commercially available. We report that the natural product cucurbitacin E inhibits actin depolymerization and show that its mechanism of action is different from jasplakinolide. In assays using pure fluorescently labeled actin, cucurbitacin E specifically affects depolymerization without affecting polymerization. It inhibits actin depolymerization at substoichiometric concentrations up to 1:6 cucurbitacin E:actin. Cucurbitacin E specifically binds to filamentous actin (F-actin) forming a covalent bond at residue Cys257, but not to monomeric actin (G-actin). On the basis of its compatibility with phalloidin staining, we show that cucurbitacin E occupies a different binding site on actin filaments. Using loss of fluorescence after localized photoactivation, we found that cucurbitacin E inhibits actin depolymerization in live cells. Cucurbitacin E is a widely available plant-derived natural product, making it a useful tool to study actin dynamics in cells and actin-based processes such as cytokinesis.

Original publication

DOI

10.1021/cb300254s

Type

Journal article

Journal

ACS Chem Biol

Publication Date

21/09/2012

Volume

7

Pages

1502 - 1508

Keywords

Actin Cytoskeleton, Actins, Animals, Biological Products, Cucurbitaceae, Depsipeptides, HeLa Cells, Humans, Polymerization, Rabbits, Triterpenes